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Fire Research Division
Home Smoke Alarm Project, Alarm Response to Nuisance Sources
Report of Test FR 4019
December, 2003Thomas G. Cleary
Building and Fire Research Laboratory
National Institute of Standards and Technology
This Report of Test presents data from a series of tests designed to study common household nuisance alarms as part of research into the performance of smoke alarms.
Introduction
The purpose of these tests was to study common household nuisance alarm scenarios and develop a basis for residential nuisance source testing. All tests were performed in the manufactured home used fire test series 1while it was located inside the large fire laboratory at NIST. The full details of these tests can be found in NIST Technical Note 1455 [1]. NIST TN 1455 also includes uncertainty estimates for each measurement. The test data from the nuisance source and controlled incipient fire source tests are given in spreadsheet electronic files.
Test Data
The table below cross-references Excel workbook filenames with the corresponding tests described in Chapter 6 of NIST TN 1455. The data include the aerosol concentrations, flow velocities, temperature, relative humidity, and detector sensor outputs gathered for each test. Each test workbook consists of three worksheets that contain data from instruments, sensors, and velocity probes. Please refer to Chapter 6 for details on these measurements. Individual sensor outputs were presented in engineering units where the output voltages of the photo and ionization units were expressed as equivalent extinction values in the FE/DE during smoldering cotton wick calibration tests, and the CO cell output was related to the CO concentrations developed in the cotton wick calibration tests. Two caveats must be given regarding this data set. First, zero offset adjustments and filtering of the sensor data should be conducted to eliminate calibration offset shifts and spurious data points that occasionally occur, and second, these files often include data after the nominal end of the test, when doors may have been opened, food removed from heat sources, etc. The test descriptions and plots in Chapter 6 indicate the nominal end of each test along with the timeline of events up to that point. The test series ran consecutively from MHN06 to MNH47 (data for the first five tests were not included). Those tests that present results not included in Chapter 6 were nominal repeats of other tests.
Test filename
Description
Test Referenced in Chapter 6
Toasted bread, fan off
Figure 125
Toasted bread, fan off (open window)
Figure 126
225 g of bacon on gas burner, fan off
Figure 131
225 g of bacon on gas burner, fan off
Figure 132
Broiled pizza, fan off
Figure 145
150 g, (1/3 package) of spaghetti, fan off
Figure 150
300 g (2/3 package) of spaghetti, fan off
Figure 151
14 g (1 tbls) butter, fan off
Figure 135
14 g (1 tbls) butter, fan off
Figure 136
Two cigarettes, fan off
Figure 154
Four hamburgers broiled, fan off
Figure 148
Four hamburgers broiled, fan on
Figure 149
10 tortillas, fan off
Figure 143
xThree hamburgers fried, fan off
Figure 140
Two bagel halves toasted, fan off
Figure 129
Two bagel halves toasted, fan on
Figure 130
Toasted bread, fan on
Figure 127
Toasted bread, fan on
Figure 128
225 g (1/2 package) of spaghetti, lid on, fan off
Figure 152
Three hamburgers fried, fan on (open window)
Figure 141
Three hamburgers fried, fan on
Figure 142
225 g (1/2 package) of spaghetti, lid on, fan off
Results not included
14 g (1 tbls) margarine, cast iron pan, fan off
Results not included
14 g (1 tbls) margarine, cast iron pan, fan on
Figure 139
14 g (1 tbls) butter, cast iron pan, fan on
Figure 138
14 g (1 tbls) butter, cast iron pan, fan off
Figure 137
Bake/broil pizza, fan off
Figure 146
Bake/broil pizza, fan on
Figure 147
450 g of french fried potatoes, fan off
Figure 144
Four tea candles, fan off
Figure 153
225 g of bacon on electric range, fan off
Figure 133
225 g of bacon on electric range, fan on
Figure 134
Two cigarettes, fan off
Figure 155
Four hamburgers broiled, fan on
Results not included
Smoldering PU foam block, fan off, (flamed)
Figure 160
Smoldering PU foam block, fan off (stopped)
Figure 161
Smoldering PU foam block, fan on
Figure 162
Smoldering PU foam block, fan off
Figure 163
Eight wood blocks on hotplate, fan off
Figure 158
Eight wood blocks on hotplate, fan on
Figure 159
32 cotton wicks, fan off
Figure 156
32 cotton wicks, fan on
Figure 157
Acknowledgments
The author gratefully acknowledges the efforts of M. Selepak in his assistance with running the tests.
The home smoke alarm project was sponsored by the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. Fire Administration, and the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Affairs, Underwriters Laboratories. The National Fire Protection Association (In-kind contribution), and National Research Council Canada, (In-kind contribution).
References
[1] Bukowski, R.W., Peacock, R.D., Averill, J.D., Cleary, T.G., Bryner, T.G., Walton, W.D., Reneke, P.A., and Kuligowski, E.D., Performance of Home Smoke Alarms: Analysis of the Response of Several Available Technologies in Residential Fire Settings, Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol., Tech. Note 1455 (2003).
For further information, contact Thomas Cleary, thomas.cleary@nist.gov, (301) 975-6858, fax: (301) 975-4052
The policy of the National Institute of Standards and Technology is to use metric units of measurement in all its publications. In this document intended for the construction and building materials industries, however, in North America certain non-metric units are so widely used instead of metric units that it is more practical and less confusing to include certain measurement values in customary units only. In addition, to maintain the integrity of the original data as collected, original units used by the instrumentation were maintained for this Report of Test.
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Last updated: 11/30/2003